Peptide Ingredients In Anti-Aging Creams

1. Dipeptides
   • Dipeptide 2
   • Dipeptide-4
   • Palmitoyl Dipeptide-7
2. Tripeptides
• SYN®-AKE Tripeptide (Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate)
• Tripeptide-1 (GHK)
• Tripeptide-10 Citrulline (Decorinyl®)
• SYN®-COLL (Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5, Pal-RFK)
• Copper TriPeptide GHK-Cu
3. Tetrapeptide
   • Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 (previously named Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-3, Pal-GQPR)
   • Dermican™ (Acetyl Tetrapeptide-9)
   • Syniorage™ (Acetyl Tetrapeptide-11)
   • Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-10
   • Eyeseryl® (acetyl tetrapeptide-5)
4. Pentapeptide
   • Matrixyl [Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4 (previously named Palmitoyl pentapeptide-3), Pal-KTTKS]
   • Matrixyl®3000 (Palmitoyl oligopeptide and Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7)
   • Leuphasyl® (pentapeptide-18)
   • Pentapeptide-19
   • Acetyl Pentapeptide
5. Hexapeptide
   • Argireline® (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8) [previously named Acetyl Hexapeptide-3]
   • Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-14 [previously named palmitoyl Hexapeptide-6]
6. Heptapeptide
   • Heptapeptide-6
7. Octapeptide
   • Octapeptide-4
   • Snap-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3) [also known as Acetyl Glutamyl Heptapeptide-3]
8. Decapeptide-7
9. Oligopeptide-29
10. Peption-5 [PENTAPEPTIDE-19, PALMITOYL PENTAPEPTIDE-4, OLIGOPEPTIDE-29, OCTAPEPTIDE-4, DECAPEPTIDE-7]
11. Hydrolyzed proteins
    • Hydrolyzed collagen
    • Hydrolyzed elastin
    • B-peptide E-L (Hydrolyzed soy protein, Soy Peptides)
    • Hydrolyzed Silk (Silk Protein Peptides)
    • Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
    • Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Extract
    • Regu®-Age (Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Extract and Soy Peptides and Oxido Reductases)
12. Neuropeptide
    • Argireline® (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8)
    • Snap-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3)
    • SYN®-AKE Tripeptide
13. Growth factor polypeptides
    • EGF (epidermal growth factor)
14. Combination of peptides and hydrolyzed proteins
    • Trylagen™ PCB
    • Aldenine®

Introduction

Peptides are portions of proteins, which are long chains of amino acids. In the body, peptides regulate the activity of many systems by interacting with target cells. Enzymatic action breaks proteins into peptides so they can exert their influence on the body. Some peptides have hormonal activity, others have immune activity, some are cell-communicating ingredients that tell cells how to react and what to do, some are believed to play a role in wound healing, and still others are believed to affect the pathology of skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis and eczema.

Whether peptides have benefit when applied topically to skin for wound healing, skin-barrier repair, or as anti-biotic is difficult to ascertain because they generally cannot penetrate skin and can not remain stable because they are too hydrophilic. Further, because peptides are vulnerable to the presence of enzymes, when peptides are absorbed, the abundant enzymes present in skin can break the peptides down to the point where they have no effect at all. However, the latest research is examining how different types of synthesized peptides can enter cells membrane and, more interesting, transport biologically active ingredients to these cells. Some of these peptides have demonstrated a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect. Creating specific peptide in the lab and then attaching a fatty acid component (e.g.palmitic acid) to them allows peptides fat soluble to penetrate deep into skin layer thereby overcome their inherent limitations: being absorbed and remaining stable. Lab-engineered peptides appear to have the kind of efficacy and benefit that go beyond the skin’s surface.

Peptide ingredients are named based on its molecular structure. The prefix tri, tetra, penta, hexa, octa, deca and oligo refers to the number of amino acids in its peptide chain:  tri (3 amino acids), tetra (4 amino acid), penta (5 amino acids), hexa (6 amino acids), octa (8 amino acid), deca (12 amino acids), oligo (a few amino acids, less than 30-50 amino acids). The attached fatty acids or lipid is named before the peptide. For example Palmitoyl pentapeptide 4 refer to the fact that a fatty acid called palmitic acid (a 16 carbon saturated amino acids)  is attached to the peptide chain.

Synthetically derived peptides are used in a wide range of skin-care and makeup products, especially those claiming to have a muscle-relaxing effect similar to Botox injections. These claims typically have to do with relaxing muscle contractions when making facial expressions, thus reducing the appearance of expression lines.

For these specialized peptides to exert a benefit beyond that of a water-binding agent, three criteria must be met: the peptides must be stable in their formula, they must be paired with a carrier (e.g. liposome) that enhances absorption into the skin, and they must be able to reach their target cell groups without being hydrolyzed by enzymes.

Neuropeptides are peptides released by neurons (brain cells) as intercellular messengers. Some neuropeptides function as neurotransmitters, and others function as hormones.

Subpages

• Acetyl Pentapeptide
• Aldenine®
• Argireline®
• Copper TriPeptide GHK-Cu
• Decapeptide-7
• Decorinyl®
• Dermican™
• Dipeptide 2
• Dipeptide-4
• Heptapeptide-6
• Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Extract
• Hydrolyzed Silk Protein
• Hydrolyzed soy protein (soy peptide)
• Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
• Leuphasyl®
• Matrixyl® and Matrixyl®3000
• Neuropeptide
• Octapeptide-4
• Oligopeptide-29
• Palmitoyl Dipeptide-7
• Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-14
• Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-10
• Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7
• Pentapeptide-19
• Peption-5
• Regu®-Age
• Snap 8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3)
• Syniorage™
• SYN®-AKE
• SYN®-COLL
• Tripeptide-1 GHK
• Trylagen™ PCB