Wrinkles and fine lines are the most evident manifestation of facial aging. It is not just the skin structural and facial muscles change that contribute to the formation of wrinkle such as loss of elasticity and volume. Changes in bone … Continue reading
Many of facial skin aging changes are not the inevitable result of chronologic aging, but with the accumulation of chronic environmental factors. The structural (molecular, cellular), histological changes and the clinical signs associated with intrinsic (chronological aging) and photoaging are … Continue reading
The complex group of facial muscles are related to the facial lines that are caused by the contraction of and/or the repeated movement of facial muscles. Combined with the aging factors which result in the loss of skin elasticity and … Continue reading
The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium, composed of proliferating basal and differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes which acts as the body’s natural barrier to infection. The epidermis and skin appendages need to be renewed constantly to protect the body from dehydration, … Continue reading
Wrinkles are perhaps the most obvious and easily measurable aspect of facial aging. Yet there are other age-related changes that can contribute to the “aged look” at least as much as wrinkles. These can be changes that contribute to facial … Continue reading
Structures at the Epidermal -Dermal junction (DEJ) derive their origin from the epidermis and dermis: the basal lamina is primarily of epidermal origin, the anchoring fibrils of dermal origin. The junction serves the following functions: (1) epidermal-dermal adherence, (2) mechanical … Continue reading
Fibroblasts are the most common cells of connective tissue that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and play a critical role in wound healing. Fibroblasts make and secrete collagens, elastin, ground substances such as glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins found in the extracellular matrix and … Continue reading
What is Collagen Collagen, a group of naturally occurring proteins and the main component of connective tissue, is the most abundant protein making up 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content. Collagen fibers (fine fibers about 1 nm in … Continue reading
While collagen is critical in maintaining healthy, youthful skin, there is another protein in the skin that is equally important for the health and appearance of skin – Elastin – a protein in connective tissue that is elastic and allows … Continue reading
A wrinkle is a fold, ridge or crease in the skin. Different intrinsic and external factors cause the development of a wrinkle. Biochemical and histological studies has revealed the pathogenesis of wrinkles. Significant biochemical changes contributed to the formation of … Continue reading